Prickle (protein)

prickle-like 1 (Drosophila)
Identifiers
Symbol(s) PRICKLE1
Entrez 144165
OMIM 608500

The first prickle protein was identified in Drosophila as a planar cell polarity protein. Vertebrate prickle-1 was first found as a rat protein that binds to a transcription factor, neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF). It was then recognized that other vertebrates including mice and humans have two genes that are related to Drosophila prickle.[1] Mouse prickle-2 was found to be expressed in mature neurons of the brain along with mouse homologs of Drosophila planar polarity genes flamingo and dischevelled.[2]

prickle-like 2 (Drosophila)
Identifiers
Symbol(s) PRICKLE2
Entrez 166336
OMIM 608501

Prickle is recruited to the cell surface membrane by strabismus, another planar cell polarity protein.[3] In the developing Drosophila wing, prickle becomes concentrated at the proximal side of cells[3]. Prickle can compete with the ankyrin-repeat protein Diego for a binding site on Dishevelled.[4]

In Drosophila, prickle is present inside cells in multiple forms due to alternative splicing of the prickle mRNA.[5] The relative levels of the alternate forms may be regulated and involved in the normal control of planar cell polarity.[5]

External links

References

  1. ^ Katoh M, Katoh M (February 2003). "Identification and characterization of human PRICKLE1 and PRICKLE2 genes as well as mouse Prickle1 and Prickle2 genes homologous to Drosophila tissue polarity gene prickle". Int. J. Mol. Med. 11 (2): 249–56. PMID 12525887. http://www.spandidos-publications.com/ijmm/11/2/249. 
  2. ^ Tissir F, Goffinet AM (February 2006). "Expression of planar cell polarity genes during development of the mouse CNS". Eur. J. Neurosci. 23 (3): 597–607. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04596.x. PMID 16487141. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0953-816X&date=2006&volume=23&issue=3&spage=597. 
  3. ^ a b Bastock R, Strutt H, Strutt D (July 2003). "Strabismus is asymmetrically localised and binds to Prickle and Dishevelled during Drosophila planar polarity patterning". Development 130 (13): 3007–14. doi:10.1242/dev.00526. PMID 12756182. http://dev.biologists.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12756182. 
  4. ^ Jenny A, Reynolds-Kenneally J, Das G, Burnett M, Mlodzik M (July 2005). "Diego and Prickle regulate Frizzled planar cell polarity signalling by competing for Dishevelled binding". Nat. Cell Biol. 7 (7): 691–7. doi:10.1038/ncb1271. PMID 15937478. 
  5. ^ a b Gubb D, Green C, Huen D, et al. (September 1999). "The balance between isoforms of the prickle LIM domain protein is critical for planar polarity in Drosophila imaginal discs". Genes Dev. 13 (17): 2315–27. doi:10.1101/gad.13.17.2315. PMC 316995. PMID 10485852. http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10485852.